fortune's favorite child

albus, a, um, adj. [cf. Umbr. alfu and Sab. alpus = white; alphos = white rash; O. H. Germ. Elbiz = a swan; to this have been referred also Alba Longa, Albunea, Alpes from their snowy summits (Paul. ex Fest. p. 4 Müll.), Albion from its chalky cliffs, Alpheios, and Albis = Elbe], white (properly dead white, not shining; e. g. hair, complexion, garments, etc., opp. ater, black that is without lustre; while candidus denotes a glistening, dazzling white, opp. niger, shining black.—Hence, trop., albus and ater, a symbol of good or ill fortune; on the other hand, candidus and niger of moral worth or unworthiness; cf. Doed. Syn. III. 193 sq.—So Serv. ad Verg. G. 3, 82: aliud est candidum, i. e. quādam nitenti luce perfusum esse; aliud album, quod pallori constat esse vicinum; cf. Verg. E. 7, 38: Candidior cycnis, hederā formosior albā, with id. ib. 3, 39: diffusos hederā vestit pallente corymbos; but this distinction is freq. disregarded by the poets).

Lit.

In gen.:

barba,

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 15:

corpus,

id. Capt. 3, 4, 115:

color albus praecipue decorus deo est, maxime in textili,

Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45: albus calculus, the small white stone used in voting, as a sign of acceding to the opinion of any one, or of the acquittal of one who is under accusation (opp. ater calculus;

v. calculus).— Hence, trop.: alicui rei album calculum adicere,

to allow, approve of, authorize, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—In Enn. an epithet of the sun and moon: sol, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 92 Vahl.): jubar Hyperionis, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 658 P. (Ann. v. 547 ib.).—The following are examples of the opposition of albus and niger (instead of ater) as exceptions to the gen. rule; so always in Lucr. (who also uses albus and candidus or candens promiscuously), 2, 810; 822 sqq.; 731 sq.; 790; 767-771. Once in Cic.: quae alba sint, quae nigra dicere, Div. 2, 3; so Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Ov. M. 2, 541; cf. with id. ib. 2, 534 and 535; also id. ib. 12, 403; 15, 46; id. H. 15, 37 al.:

albi et nigri velleris,

Vulg. Gen. 30, 35:

non potes unum capillum album facere aut nigrum,

ib. Matt. 5, 36.—

Esp.

Pale, from sickness, terror, care, and the like:

aquosus albo Corpore languor, of dropsical persons,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 15:

pallor,

id. Epod. 7, 15:

vivat et urbanis albus in officiis,

pale from the cares of his public office, Mart. 1, 56 fin. et saep. —

Of clothing, white: alba decent Cererem;

vestes Cerealibus albas Sumite,

Ov. F. 4, 619:

vidit duos Angelos in albis,

Vulg. Joan. 20, 12; ib. Apoc. 3, 4.—Hence, poet. transf. to the person, clothed in white, Hor. S. 1, 2, 36: pedibus qui venerat albis, who had come with white feet, i. e. marked with chalk, as for sale, Juv. 1, 111 (cf. gypsatus and also Plin. 35, 17, 58, §§ 199-201; Mayor ad 1. 1.).—

Prov. phrases.

Dentibus albis deridere, to deride one by laughing so as to show the teeth, for to deride much, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 48 (cf. id. Capt. 3, 1, 26).—

Albus an ater sit, nescio or non curo, I know not, care not whether he is white or black, i. e. he is entirely indifferent to me:

vide, quam te amārit is, qui albus aterve fueris ignorans, fratris filium praeteriit,

Cic. Phil. 2, 16:

unde illa scivit, ater an albus nascerer,

Phaedr. 3, 15, 10; Cat. 93, 2; cf. Quint. 11, 1, 38.—

Albo rete aliquid oppugnare, to attack or seize upon something with a white net, i. e. in a delicate, skilful manner:

qui hic albo rete aliena oppugnant bona,

Plaut. Pers. 1, 2, 22 (so the passage seems to be more simply explained than acc. to the opinion of Gron.: qui albo (by the register of the prætor) tamquam rete, which omission of the tamquam is a Horatian, but not a Plautinian idiom). —

Albā lineā aliquid signare, to make a white line upon a white ground, i. e. to make no distinction: et amabat omnes, nam ut discrimen non facit... signat linea alba, Lucil. ap. Non. 282, 28 (where the common editions have neque before signare, which gives the expression a directly opposite sense): albā, ut dicitur, lineā sine curā discriminis convertebant, Gell. praef. 11.—

Alba avis, a white sparrow, for something rare, uncommon, strange:

quasi avem albam videntur bene sentientem civem videre,

Cic. Fam. 7, 28 (quasi novum quiddam; proverbium ex eo natum, quia rarae aves albae, Manut. ad h. 1.).—

Filius albae gallinae, fortune's favorite child, Juv. 13, 141, prob. an allusion to the miracle that happened to Livia in regard to a white hen, v. Plin. 15, 30, 40; Suet. Galb. 1 (Ruperti ad h. 1, refers this expression to the unfruitfulness of a white hen, and conpares Col. R. R. 8, 2, 7).—

Equis albis praecurrere aliquem, to excel, surpass one, Hor. S. 1, 7, 8 (the figure being drawn from the white horses attached to a triumphal chariot; cf. Suet. Ner. 25; id. Dom. 2).—

Trop.

Favorable, fortunate, propitious:

simul alba nautis Stella refulsit,

i. e. the twin-star Castor, favorable to sailors, Hor. C. 1, 12, 27:

dies,

Sil. 15, 53:

sint omnia protinus alba,

Pers. 1, 110.—

Poet. and act., of the wind, making clear or bright, dispersing the clouds; hence, dry:

Notus,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 15 (as a transl. of the Gr. leukonotos):

iapyx,

id. ib. 3, 27, 19 (cf.:

clarus aquilo,

Verg. G. 1, 460).—Whence,

album, i, n., whiteness.

White color, white:

maculis insignis et albo,

Verg. G. 3, 56;

sparsis pellibus albo,

id. E. 2, 41:

columnas polire albo,

to make white, whiten, Liv. 40, 51.—Hence,

Esp.,

The white of the eye:

oculorum,

Cels. 2, 6; so id. 7, 7, n. 6 and 12.—

The white of an egg:

ovi,

Cels. 6, 6, n. 7.—

In Col. 6, 17, 7, a white spot on the eye, i. e. a disease of it, = albugo.—

In the lang. of polit. life, a white tablet, on which any thing is inscribed (like leukôma in Gr.).

The tablets on which the Pontifex Maximus registered the principal events of the year, the Annales maximi (v. annales): in album referre, to enter or record in, Cic. de Or. 2, 12, 52; Liv. 1, 32, 2.—

The tablets of the prœtor, on which his edicts were written, and which were posted up in some public place, Paul. Sent. l. 1, t. 14.—Hence, sedere ad album, to be employed with the edicts of the prœtor, Sen. Ep. 48:

se ad album transferre,

Quint. 12, 3, 11 Spald.—

Esp., a list of names, a register, e. g. Album senatorium, the tablet on which the names of the senators were enrolled, the roll, register, which, by the order of Augustus, was to be posted up annually in the senate-house, Diom. 55, 3, and Fragm. 137:

aliquem albo senatorio eradere,

Tac. A. 4, 42 fin. —Also, the list of the judges chosen by the quœstors:

aliquem albo judicum eradere,

Suet. Claud. 16; so id. Dom. 8.—And transf. to other catalogues of names:

citharoedorum,

Suet. Ner. 21.

fortūna, ae (archaic gen. sing. fortunas, like familias, escas, vias, etc., Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P.), f. [lengthened from fors; cf. Nep-tunus, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 434], chance, hap, luck, fate, fortune (good or ill; syn.: casus, fors; fatum, providentia).

In gen.:

quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? quo modo ergo id, quod temere fit caeco casu et volubilitate fortunae, praesentiri et praedici potest?

Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15:

si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem: quid est tandem quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? Nihil enim est tam contrarium rationi et constantiae quam fortuna: ut mihi ne in deum quidem cadere videatur, ut sciat, quid casu et fortuito futurum sit. Si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est: est autem fortuna: rerum igitur fortuitarum nulla praesensio est, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 7, 18 sq.:

sed haec fortuna viderit, quoniam ratio non gubernat,

id. Att. 14, 11, 1:

vir ad casum fortunamque felix,

id. Font. 15 fin.:

si tot sunt in corpore bona, tot extra corpus in casu atque fortuna... plus fortunam quam consilium valere,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

(bona) posita non tam in consiliis nostris quam in fortunae temeritate,

id. Lael. 6, 20:

adversante fortuna,

id. Rep. 2, 16 fin.; id. Mur. 31, 64:

quorum ego causa timidius me fortunae committebam,

id. Att. 9, 6, 4:

fortunae rotam pertimescere,

id. Pis. 10, 22: secundam fortunam pulcherrime: adversam aeque ferre, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6; cf.:

prospera adversave fortuna,

Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89:

spoliatam fortunam conferre cum florente fortuna,

id. Pis. 16, 38:

integra fortuna (opp. afflicta),

id. Sull. 31 fin.:

florentissima (opp. durior),

id. Att. 10, 4, 4:

non praecipua, sed par cum ceteris fortunae condicio,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

optima,

id. ib. 3, 17 fin.:

rei publicae fortuna fatalis,

id. Sest. 7, 17:

belli,

Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 1; id. B. G. 1, 36, 3:

se suas civitatisque fortunas ejus fidei permissurum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 3 fin. (cf. II. B. 1. fin. infra.).—Prov.:

fortuna miserrima tuta est,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 31:

fortuna meliores sequitur,

Sall. H. 1, 48, 15 (Dietsch): fortuna cum blanditur, captatum venit, Publ. Syr. 167 (Rib.): fortes fortuna adjuvat; v. fortis, II. A. fin. —

Personified: Fortuna, the goddess of fate, luck, or fortune, Fortune: He. Respice me. Er. Fortuna quod nec facit nec faciet me jubes, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 54:

nequiquam tibi Fortuna faculam lucrifica adlucere volt,

id. Pers. 4, 3, 47:

quo in genere vel maxime est Fortuna numeranda,

Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 61:

heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos te deus?

Hor. S. 2, 8, 61:

saeviat atque novos moveat Fortuna tumultus,

id. ib. 2, 2, 126:

Fortunae fanum antiquum (Syracusis),

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

Fortunae in gremio sedens,

id. Div. 2, 41, 85 sq.:

bona Fortuna,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3 fin.:

Malam Fortunam in aedis te adduxi meas,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 17:

mala Fortuna,

Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; id. N. D. 3, 25, 63: Fors Fortuna;

v. fors: Fortunae filius,

child of fortune, fortune's favorite, Hor. S. 2, 6, 49; v. filius.

In partic.

Without secunda or adversa, either good luck or ill luck, according to the context.

For fortuna secunda, good luck, good fortune, prosperity:

reliquum est, ut de felicitate pauca dicamus... Maximo, Marcello, Scipioni... non solum propter virtutem, sed etiam propter fortunam saepius imperia mandata,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:

judicium hoc omnium mortalium est, fortunam a deo petendam,

id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:

diuturna cum fortuna,

id. Div. 1, 20, 39:

superbum se praebuit in fortuna,

id. Att. 8, 4, 1:

non solum ipsa fortuna caeca est, sed eos etiam plerumque efficit caecos, quos complexa est,

id. Lael. 15, 54:

a fortuna deseri,

Caes. B. G. 5, 34, 2: fortunam habere, to succeed, Liv. 24, 34, 1:

fortunam sibi facere,

id. 39, 40, 4; cf.:

fortunam sequi,

Tac. H. 4, 78:

habendam fortunae gratiam, quod, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73, 3:

dum fortuna fuit,

Verg. A. 3, 16:

deos precetur et oret, Ut redeat miseris, abeat fortuna superbis,

Hor. A. P. 201:

ut tu fortunam, sic nos te feremus,

id. Ep. 1, 8, 17:

venimus ad summum fortunae,

id. ib. 2, 1, 32:

ut te Confestim liquidus fortunae rivus inauret,

id. ib. 1, 12, 9:

occidit Spes omnis et fortuna nostri Nominis,

id. C. 4, 4, 71.—Prov.: Fortunam citius reperias quam retineas, Publ. Syr. 168 (Rib.).—Hence,

Per fortunas, i. e. for heaven's sake, Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 13, 3; 3, 20, 1.—

For fortuna adversa, ill luck, mishap, misfortune, adversity (very rare):

Trojae renascens alite lugubri Fortuna tristi clade iterabitur,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 62:

ut arte Emendaturus fortunam,

id. S. 2, 8, 85.—

= condicio, state, condition, circumstances, fate, lot (class.;

a favorite expression of Cicero): est autem infima condicio et fortuna servorum,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41; cf.:

in infimi generis hominum condicione atque fortuna,

id. Mil. 34, 92:

(Lampsaceni) populi Romani condicione socii, fortuna servi,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 81;

so corresp. to condicio,

Quint. 3, 8, 50:

Aedui queruntur fortunae commutationem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63:

ut non modo omnium generum, aetatum, ordinum omnes viri ac mulieres, omnis fortunae ac loci, sed, etc.,

Cic. Pis. 22, 52:

homines infimā fortunā,

id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:

inferiorem esse fortunā,

id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:

spes amplificandae fortunae,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

cui cessit triplicis fortuna novissima regni,

lot, share, Ov. M. 5, 368:

Arruns Camillam Circuit et quae sit fortuna facillima temptat,

opportunity, Verg. A. 11, 761: Gallus utrum avem, an gentem, an fortunam corporis significet, bodily condition (of a eunuch), Quint. 7, 9, 2.— Plur.:

quod si eo meae fortunae redeunt, abs te ut distrahar,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 23:

omnes laudare fortunas meas, qui gnatum haberem tali ingenio praeditum,

id. And. 1, 1, 71:

ejus laudare fortunas, quod qua vellet ingredi posset,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 115:

et secundas fortunas amittere coactus est, et in adversis sine ullo remedio permanere,

id. Sull. 23, 66; Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 5; 6, 7, 6.—

Transf., concr., fortunae, ārum, less freq. in the sing., property, possessions, goods, fortune.

Plur.:

tum propter rei publicae calamitates omnium possessiones erant incertae: nunc deum immortalium benignitate omnium fortunae sunt certae,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

bona fortunaeque,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 44, § 113:

pecunia fortunaeque,

id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:

fortunas morte dimittere,

id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12:

et honore et auctoritate et fortunis facile civitatis suae princeps,

id. Rep. 2, 19:

fortunis sociorum consumptis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.:

fortunarum pericula,

Quint. 4, 2, 122.—

Sing.:

quo mihi fortuna, si non conceditur uti?

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12:

nec mea concessa est aliis fortuna,

Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 57:

adiri nomen invidiosae fortunae Caesaris,

Vell. 2, 60, 1 Ruhnk.:

de fortuna, qua uterque abundabat,

Quint. 6, 1, 50:

fortunam in nominibus habere,

Dig. 4, 7, 40 fin.

fortūna, ae (archaic gen. sing. fortunas, like familias, escas, vias, etc., Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P.), f. [lengthened from fors; cf. Nep-tunus, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 434], chance, hap, luck, fate, fortune (good or ill; syn.: casus, fors; fatum, providentia).

In gen.:

quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? quo modo ergo id, quod temere fit caeco casu et volubilitate fortunae, praesentiri et praedici potest?

Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15:

si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem: quid est tandem quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? Nihil enim est tam contrarium rationi et constantiae quam fortuna: ut mihi ne in deum quidem cadere videatur, ut sciat, quid casu et fortuito futurum sit. Si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est: est autem fortuna: rerum igitur fortuitarum nulla praesensio est, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 7, 18 sq.:

sed haec fortuna viderit, quoniam ratio non gubernat,

id. Att. 14, 11, 1:

vir ad casum fortunamque felix,

id. Font. 15 fin.:

si tot sunt in corpore bona, tot extra corpus in casu atque fortuna... plus fortunam quam consilium valere,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

(bona) posita non tam in consiliis nostris quam in fortunae temeritate,

id. Lael. 6, 20:

adversante fortuna,

id. Rep. 2, 16 fin.; id. Mur. 31, 64:

quorum ego causa timidius me fortunae committebam,

id. Att. 9, 6, 4:

fortunae rotam pertimescere,

id. Pis. 10, 22: secundam fortunam pulcherrime: adversam aeque ferre, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6; cf.:

prospera adversave fortuna,

Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89:

spoliatam fortunam conferre cum florente fortuna,

id. Pis. 16, 38:

integra fortuna (opp. afflicta),

id. Sull. 31 fin.:

florentissima (opp. durior),

id. Att. 10, 4, 4:

non praecipua, sed par cum ceteris fortunae condicio,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

optima,

id. ib. 3, 17 fin.:

rei publicae fortuna fatalis,

id. Sest. 7, 17:

belli,

Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 1; id. B. G. 1, 36, 3:

se suas civitatisque fortunas ejus fidei permissurum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 3 fin. (cf. II. B. 1. fin. infra.).—Prov.:

fortuna miserrima tuta est,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 31:

fortuna meliores sequitur,

Sall. H. 1, 48, 15 (Dietsch): fortuna cum blanditur, captatum venit, Publ. Syr. 167 (Rib.): fortes fortuna adjuvat; v. fortis, II. A. fin. —

Personified: Fortuna, the goddess of fate, luck, or fortune, Fortune: He. Respice me. Er. Fortuna quod nec facit nec faciet me jubes, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 54:

nequiquam tibi Fortuna faculam lucrifica adlucere volt,

id. Pers. 4, 3, 47:

quo in genere vel maxime est Fortuna numeranda,

Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 61:

heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos te deus?

Hor. S. 2, 8, 61:

saeviat atque novos moveat Fortuna tumultus,

id. ib. 2, 2, 126:

Fortunae fanum antiquum (Syracusis),

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

Fortunae in gremio sedens,

id. Div. 2, 41, 85 sq.:

bona Fortuna,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3 fin.:

Malam Fortunam in aedis te adduxi meas,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 17:

mala Fortuna,

Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; id. N. D. 3, 25, 63: Fors Fortuna;

v. fors: Fortunae filius,

child of fortune, fortune's favorite, Hor. S. 2, 6, 49; v. filius.

In partic.

Without secunda or adversa, either good luck or ill luck, according to the context.

For fortuna secunda, good luck, good fortune, prosperity:

reliquum est, ut de felicitate pauca dicamus... Maximo, Marcello, Scipioni... non solum propter virtutem, sed etiam propter fortunam saepius imperia mandata,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:

judicium hoc omnium mortalium est, fortunam a deo petendam,

id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:

diuturna cum fortuna,

id. Div. 1, 20, 39:

superbum se praebuit in fortuna,

id. Att. 8, 4, 1:

non solum ipsa fortuna caeca est, sed eos etiam plerumque efficit caecos, quos complexa est,

id. Lael. 15, 54:

a fortuna deseri,

Caes. B. G. 5, 34, 2: fortunam habere, to succeed, Liv. 24, 34, 1:

fortunam sibi facere,

id. 39, 40, 4; cf.:

fortunam sequi,

Tac. H. 4, 78:

habendam fortunae gratiam, quod, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73, 3:

dum fortuna fuit,

Verg. A. 3, 16:

deos precetur et oret, Ut redeat miseris, abeat fortuna superbis,

Hor. A. P. 201:

ut tu fortunam, sic nos te feremus,

id. Ep. 1, 8, 17:

venimus ad summum fortunae,

id. ib. 2, 1, 32:

ut te Confestim liquidus fortunae rivus inauret,

id. ib. 1, 12, 9:

occidit Spes omnis et fortuna nostri Nominis,

id. C. 4, 4, 71.—Prov.: Fortunam citius reperias quam retineas, Publ. Syr. 168 (Rib.).—Hence,

Per fortunas, i. e. for heaven's sake, Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 13, 3; 3, 20, 1.—

For fortuna adversa, ill luck, mishap, misfortune, adversity (very rare):

Trojae renascens alite lugubri Fortuna tristi clade iterabitur,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 62:

ut arte Emendaturus fortunam,

id. S. 2, 8, 85.—

= condicio, state, condition, circumstances, fate, lot (class.;

a favorite expression of Cicero): est autem infima condicio et fortuna servorum,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41; cf.:

in infimi generis hominum condicione atque fortuna,

id. Mil. 34, 92:

(Lampsaceni) populi Romani condicione socii, fortuna servi,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 81;

so corresp. to condicio,

Quint. 3, 8, 50:

Aedui queruntur fortunae commutationem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63:

ut non modo omnium generum, aetatum, ordinum omnes viri ac mulieres, omnis fortunae ac loci, sed, etc.,

Cic. Pis. 22, 52:

homines infimā fortunā,

id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:

inferiorem esse fortunā,

id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:

spes amplificandae fortunae,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

cui cessit triplicis fortuna novissima regni,

lot, share, Ov. M. 5, 368:

Arruns Camillam Circuit et quae sit fortuna facillima temptat,

opportunity, Verg. A. 11, 761: Gallus utrum avem, an gentem, an fortunam corporis significet, bodily condition (of a eunuch), Quint. 7, 9, 2.— Plur.:

quod si eo meae fortunae redeunt, abs te ut distrahar,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 23:

omnes laudare fortunas meas, qui gnatum haberem tali ingenio praeditum,

id. And. 1, 1, 71:

ejus laudare fortunas, quod qua vellet ingredi posset,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 115:

et secundas fortunas amittere coactus est, et in adversis sine ullo remedio permanere,

id. Sull. 23, 66; Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 5; 6, 7, 6.—

Transf., concr., fortunae, ārum, less freq. in the sing., property, possessions, goods, fortune.

Plur.:

tum propter rei publicae calamitates omnium possessiones erant incertae: nunc deum immortalium benignitate omnium fortunae sunt certae,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

bona fortunaeque,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 44, § 113:

pecunia fortunaeque,

id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:

fortunas morte dimittere,

id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12:

et honore et auctoritate et fortunis facile civitatis suae princeps,

id. Rep. 2, 19:

fortunis sociorum consumptis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.:

fortunarum pericula,

Quint. 4, 2, 122.—

Sing.:

quo mihi fortuna, si non conceditur uti?

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12:

nec mea concessa est aliis fortuna,

Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 57:

adiri nomen invidiosae fortunae Caesaris,

Vell. 2, 60, 1 Ruhnk.:

de fortuna, qua uterque abundabat,

Quint. 6, 1, 50:

fortunam in nominibus habere,

Dig. 4, 7, 40 fin.

fortūna, ae (archaic gen. sing. fortunas, like familias, escas, vias, etc., Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P.), f. [lengthened from fors; cf. Nep-tunus, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 434], chance, hap, luck, fate, fortune (good or ill; syn.: casus, fors; fatum, providentia).

In gen.:

quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? quo modo ergo id, quod temere fit caeco casu et volubilitate fortunae, praesentiri et praedici potest?

Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15:

si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem: quid est tandem quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? Nihil enim est tam contrarium rationi et constantiae quam fortuna: ut mihi ne in deum quidem cadere videatur, ut sciat, quid casu et fortuito futurum sit. Si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est: est autem fortuna: rerum igitur fortuitarum nulla praesensio est, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 7, 18 sq.:

sed haec fortuna viderit, quoniam ratio non gubernat,

id. Att. 14, 11, 1:

vir ad casum fortunamque felix,

id. Font. 15 fin.:

si tot sunt in corpore bona, tot extra corpus in casu atque fortuna... plus fortunam quam consilium valere,

id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:

(bona) posita non tam in consiliis nostris quam in fortunae temeritate,

id. Lael. 6, 20:

adversante fortuna,

id. Rep. 2, 16 fin.; id. Mur. 31, 64:

quorum ego causa timidius me fortunae committebam,

id. Att. 9, 6, 4:

fortunae rotam pertimescere,

id. Pis. 10, 22: secundam fortunam pulcherrime: adversam aeque ferre, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6; cf.:

prospera adversave fortuna,

Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89:

spoliatam fortunam conferre cum florente fortuna,

id. Pis. 16, 38:

integra fortuna (opp. afflicta),

id. Sull. 31 fin.:

florentissima (opp. durior),

id. Att. 10, 4, 4:

non praecipua, sed par cum ceteris fortunae condicio,

id. Rep. 1, 4:

optima,

id. ib. 3, 17 fin.:

rei publicae fortuna fatalis,

id. Sest. 7, 17:

belli,

Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 1; id. B. G. 1, 36, 3:

se suas civitatisque fortunas ejus fidei permissurum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 3 fin. (cf. II. B. 1. fin. infra.).—Prov.:

fortuna miserrima tuta est,

Ov. P. 2, 2, 31:

fortuna meliores sequitur,

Sall. H. 1, 48, 15 (Dietsch): fortuna cum blanditur, captatum venit, Publ. Syr. 167 (Rib.): fortes fortuna adjuvat; v. fortis, II. A. fin. —

Personified: Fortuna, the goddess of fate, luck, or fortune, Fortune: He. Respice me. Er. Fortuna quod nec facit nec faciet me jubes, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 54:

nequiquam tibi Fortuna faculam lucrifica adlucere volt,

id. Pers. 4, 3, 47:

quo in genere vel maxime est Fortuna numeranda,

Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 61:

heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos te deus?

Hor. S. 2, 8, 61:

saeviat atque novos moveat Fortuna tumultus,

id. ib. 2, 2, 126:

Fortunae fanum antiquum (Syracusis),

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

Fortunae in gremio sedens,

id. Div. 2, 41, 85 sq.:

bona Fortuna,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 3 fin.:

Malam Fortunam in aedis te adduxi meas,

Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 17:

mala Fortuna,

Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; id. N. D. 3, 25, 63: Fors Fortuna;

v. fors: Fortunae filius,

child of fortune, fortune's favorite, Hor. S. 2, 6, 49; v. filius.

In partic.

Without secunda or adversa, either good luck or ill luck, according to the context.

For fortuna secunda, good luck, good fortune, prosperity:

reliquum est, ut de felicitate pauca dicamus... Maximo, Marcello, Scipioni... non solum propter virtutem, sed etiam propter fortunam saepius imperia mandata,

Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:

judicium hoc omnium mortalium est, fortunam a deo petendam,

id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:

diuturna cum fortuna,

id. Div. 1, 20, 39:

superbum se praebuit in fortuna,

id. Att. 8, 4, 1:

non solum ipsa fortuna caeca est, sed eos etiam plerumque efficit caecos, quos complexa est,

id. Lael. 15, 54:

a fortuna deseri,

Caes. B. G. 5, 34, 2: fortunam habere, to succeed, Liv. 24, 34, 1:

fortunam sibi facere,

id. 39, 40, 4; cf.:

fortunam sequi,

Tac. H. 4, 78:

habendam fortunae gratiam, quod, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 3, 73, 3:

dum fortuna fuit,

Verg. A. 3, 16:

deos precetur et oret, Ut redeat miseris, abeat fortuna superbis,

Hor. A. P. 201:

ut tu fortunam, sic nos te feremus,

id. Ep. 1, 8, 17:

venimus ad summum fortunae,

id. ib. 2, 1, 32:

ut te Confestim liquidus fortunae rivus inauret,

id. ib. 1, 12, 9:

occidit Spes omnis et fortuna nostri Nominis,

id. C. 4, 4, 71.—Prov.: Fortunam citius reperias quam retineas, Publ. Syr. 168 (Rib.).—Hence,

Per fortunas, i. e. for heaven's sake, Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 13, 3; 3, 20, 1.—

For fortuna adversa, ill luck, mishap, misfortune, adversity (very rare):

Trojae renascens alite lugubri Fortuna tristi clade iterabitur,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 62:

ut arte Emendaturus fortunam,

id. S. 2, 8, 85.—

= condicio, state, condition, circumstances, fate, lot (class.;

a favorite expression of Cicero): est autem infima condicio et fortuna servorum,

Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41; cf.:

in infimi generis hominum condicione atque fortuna,

id. Mil. 34, 92:

(Lampsaceni) populi Romani condicione socii, fortuna servi,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 81;

so corresp. to condicio,

Quint. 3, 8, 50:

Aedui queruntur fortunae commutationem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 63:

ut non modo omnium generum, aetatum, ordinum omnes viri ac mulieres, omnis fortunae ac loci, sed, etc.,

Cic. Pis. 22, 52:

homines infimā fortunā,

id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:

inferiorem esse fortunā,

id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:

spes amplificandae fortunae,

id. Lael. 16, 59:

cui cessit triplicis fortuna novissima regni,

lot, share, Ov. M. 5, 368:

Arruns Camillam Circuit et quae sit fortuna facillima temptat,

opportunity, Verg. A. 11, 761: Gallus utrum avem, an gentem, an fortunam corporis significet, bodily condition (of a eunuch), Quint. 7, 9, 2.— Plur.:

quod si eo meae fortunae redeunt, abs te ut distrahar,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 23:

omnes laudare fortunas meas, qui gnatum haberem tali ingenio praeditum,

id. And. 1, 1, 71:

ejus laudare fortunas, quod qua vellet ingredi posset,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 115:

et secundas fortunas amittere coactus est, et in adversis sine ullo remedio permanere,

id. Sull. 23, 66; Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 5; 6, 7, 6.—

Transf., concr., fortunae, ārum, less freq. in the sing., property, possessions, goods, fortune.

Plur.:

tum propter rei publicae calamitates omnium possessiones erant incertae: nunc deum immortalium benignitate omnium fortunae sunt certae,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

bona fortunaeque,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 44, § 113:

pecunia fortunaeque,

id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:

fortunas morte dimittere,

id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12:

et honore et auctoritate et fortunis facile civitatis suae princeps,

id. Rep. 2, 19:

fortunis sociorum consumptis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.:

fortunarum pericula,

Quint. 4, 2, 122.—

Sing.:

quo mihi fortuna, si non conceditur uti?

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12:

nec mea concessa est aliis fortuna,

Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 57:

adiri nomen invidiosae fortunae Caesaris,

Vell. 2, 60, 1 Ruhnk.:

de fortuna, qua uterque abundabat,

Quint. 6, 1, 50:

fortunam in nominibus habere,

Dig. 4, 7, 40 fin.

fīlĭus, ii (voc. filie, Liv. Andr. in Prisc. p. 741 P., dat. plur. FILIBVS, Inscr. Grut. 553, 8; 554, 4, like DIIBVS from deus), m. [root fev-o, to give birth to (fe-o), whence: fecundus, femina, felix, etc., lit., he who is born], a son (syn. plur.: nati, liberi).

Lit.

In gen.: Marci filius, Enn. ap. Cic. Brut. 15, 58 (Ann. v. 306 Vahl.); id. Rep. 2, 19; id. Lael. 1, 3:

Venus et remisso filius arcu, i. e. Cupido,

Hor. C. 3, 27, 68 et saep. —

In partic.: filius familias, or, in one word, filiusfamilias, v. familia.—

Transf.

With terra, fortuna, etc.: terrae filius, a son of mother earth, i. e. a man of unknown origin (opp.:

nobilis, honesto genere natus): et huic terrae filio nescio cui committere epistolam tantis de rebus non audeo,

Cic. Att. 1, 13, 4; id. Fam. 7, 9, 3; Pers. 6, 59; cf.:

Saturnum Caeli filium dictum, quod soleamus eos, quorum virtutem miremur aut repentino advenerint, decaelo cecidisse dicere: terrae autem, quos ignotis parentibus natos terrae filios nominemus,

Lact. 1, 11: fortunae filius, a child of fortune, fortune's favorite (Gr. pais tês Tuchês), Hor. S. 2, 6, 49;

called also: gallinae albae filius,

Juv. 13, 141:

Celtiberiae filius,

i. e. an inhabitant of Celtiberia, a Celtiberian, Cat. 37, 18.—

Filii, in gen., children: Sunezeugmenon jungit et diversos sexus, ut cum marem feminamque filios dicimus, Quint. 9, 3, 63; Cic. ad Brut. 1, 12, 2; Gell. 12, 1, 21; cf. sing.:

ut condemnaretur filius aut nepos, si pater aut avus deliquisset,

Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 90.—

Descendants:

natura docet parentes pios, filiorum appellatione omnes, quiex nobis descendunt, contineri: nec enim dulciore nomine possumus nepotes nostros, quam filii, appellare,

Dig. 50, 16, 220, § 3.—

Of animals, Col. 6, 37, 4.

gallīna, ae, f. [1. gallus], a hen.

Lit., Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 1; Col. 8, 2, 1; Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 27 sq.; Cic. de Sen. 16, 56; id. Ac. 2, 18, 57; id. Div. 2, 26, 56; id. N. D. 2, 48, 124; Hor. S. 2, 2, 24; 2, 4, 18 al.—As a term of endearment:

dic me igitur tuom passerculum, gallinam, coturnicem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 76.—Comic.: has (litteras) quidem gallina scripsit. these are hen-tracks, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 28.—Prov.:

gallinae filius albae,

child of fortune, fortune's favorite, Juv. 13, 141; v. filius and albus.—

Transf.:

ad Gallinas,

a villa of the Cœsars on the Tiber, near Rome, Suet. Galb. 1; cf. Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 137.

Gallīna, ae, m., the name of a gladiator, Hor. S. 2, 6, 44.

gallīna, ae, f. [1. gallus], a hen.

Lit., Varr. R. R. 3, 9, 1; Col. 8, 2, 1; Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 27 sq.; Cic. de Sen. 16, 56; id. Ac. 2, 18, 57; id. Div. 2, 26, 56; id. N. D. 2, 48, 124; Hor. S. 2, 2, 24; 2, 4, 18 al.—As a term of endearment:

dic me igitur tuom passerculum, gallinam, coturnicem,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 76.—Comic.: has (litteras) quidem gallina scripsit. these are hen-tracks, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 28.—Prov.:

gallinae filius albae,

child of fortune, fortune's favorite, Juv. 13, 141; v. filius and albus.—

Transf.:

ad Gallinas,

a villa of the Cœsars on the Tiber, near Rome, Suet. Galb. 1; cf. Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 137.

Gallīna, ae, m., the name of a gladiator, Hor. S. 2, 6, 44.